Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) are complex carbohydrates that are found primarily in plant cell walls and form a large fraction of the dietary fibre content of raw materials. Monogastric animals are unable to digest NSPs. NSPs act as a physical barrier to the animal’s own digestive enzymes and are the biggest cause of digestive problems. NSPs are divided into soluble and insoluble forms. Soluble NSPs function as anti-nutritional factors in animals. They increase viscosity and reduce nutrient availability through encapsulation, reducing the amount of nutrients available for digestion, therefore reducing nutrient absorption. As a result, pathogenic bacteria in the hindgut have access to more nutrients, leading to microbial overgrowth and digestion problems like dysbacteriosis. On the other hand, insoluble non-starch polysaccharides are also not digestible but are beneficial in the diet since they support gut health and digestion. However, these good fibres also hold some of the important digestible nutrients captured, the so-called "cage effect." The use of enzymes is essential to eliminate the adverse effects of NSPs.
Different organs of the gastrointestinal tract produce the enzymes that are involved in the digestive process. These are called endogenous enzymes, as they are produced by the animal. Feed enzymes are known as exogenous enzymes, as they are added to the diet to aid the endogenous enzymes in the digestive process. Exogenous enzymes are specific and typically fed to livestock in order to target particular components of the diet, such as starch, proteins, or fibre. Livestock, especially poultry and swine, do not have enough endogenous enzymes to digest feed grains completely and need various exogenous enzymes in their diets to improve digestion.
In addition to the anti-pathogenic activity that probiotics perform, it has been demonstrated that endogenous bacteria of the intestine also contribute to the healthy development of epithelial cells. Endogenous bacteria can stimulate enterocytes to produce and release active gastrointestinal peptides that impact the regulation of epithelial structure and intestinal endocrine cells. It is also becoming clear that commensal bacteria modulate gene expression of epithelial cells, influencing nutrient absorption, intestinal maturation and improvement of the mucosal barrier. Gut beneficial bacteria can be affected by the diet, and producers use different dietary interventions, such as probiotics and prebiotics, to enhance the gut environment and improve digestion.
Fullzyme® Max enables the nutritionist to apply the least-cost feed formulation strategy by using the matrix value in addition to the flexibility in using alternative feed raw materials leading to optimizing feed cost, maximizing feed digestibility and improving nutrient availability.
Fullzyme® Max prevents viscosity problems and their consequences. This latest generation of multiple enzymes is delivered from the fermentation of a number of different bacterial and fungal sources. This enables it to work efficiently at different levels of gastrointestinal pH. Consequently, this results in improved feed intake and feed conversion ratio.
In addition to the Fullzyme® Max's role in maximizing nutrient release through its multiple potent enzymes, it also works on enhancing gut microflora to improve natural digestion. The prebiotics and selective strain of probiotic in Fullzyme® Max increase the count of beneficial microflora like bifidobacteria and lactic acid-producing bacteria that play a vital role in digestion.